Let us observe some lessons here.  Complexity challenges assumptions behind realist models.  Complexity and emergence can be accounted for in a constructivist model.  Constructivist models recognize situatedness in context, and management, in a world of constructivist models, is different from management in a world of realist models.  Do not rely on Gauss.  It is shorthand.  It works when it works, but when it fails, it fails badly.  Prediction alone is not enough, and one needs self in the use of a model.  If one wants to view a model as an abstract unusable thing, fine.  But if one is going to use a model, the role of self must be recognized. With a definition of model which includes self, let us now turn to looking at the world.